The Omani Constitution, formally known as the Basic Statute of the State, sets the key provisions governing the Omani legal system, including the rules and duties of the Sultan, ministers, councils and many more, including the judicial authority.
The Sultan, who represents the country’s ideals and ambitions, is revered as a symbol of authority and unity in the heart of Oman. Article 48 of the Constitution defines him as the “head of the state, its most supreme representative, and its supreme commander”—a position seen by all as essential to governing the Omani identity and culture.
Join us in this blog as we delve into five of the duties of His Majesty under article 49 of the Basic Statute of the State, exploring his esteemed position in shaping the character of the Sultanate:
1. Promulgating laws
One of His Majesty’s key functions is the promulgation of laws. The constitution outlines the process for this, which involves a review of the draft by the Council of Ministers and Majlis Oman. The final step is the issuance of a royal decree.
2. Preserving the independence of the country and its territorial integrity
His Majesty plays a crucial role in preserving Oman’s rich history and its friendly character of peace and unity. These characteristics are well-known internationally, with the UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres describing the Sultanate as a “voice of wisdom and a peacemaker”. To maintain this reputation, preservation is essential to protect the nation’s security, safeguard the rights and liberties of citizens, ensure the rule of law, and maintain peaceful relations.
3. Presiding over various councils
One primary reason for Oman’s effective decision-making is His Majesty’s role in presiding over the Council of Ministers and specialised councils or appointing a person to preside over them.
4. Appointing ministers, officers, and judges
Another significant duty of His Majesty is the appointment of trusted individuals in various fields. The Sultan appoints deputy prime ministers, ministers, undersecretaries, secretaries general, senior military and security officers, senior judges, and ambassadors. His Majesty is also responsible for relieving any of them from their role, should the need arise, for the betterment of Oman.
5. Pardoning convicted criminals
Finally, His Majesty may pardon any person convicted of any crime without the need to make any justification.
To conclude, these are just some of the duties that the Sultan holds. To learn more about the other duties of His Majesty as well as other provisions of the constitution, you can read the full text of the Basic Statute of the State on the link below:
